As the petrochemical industry plays an increasingly important role in the national economy, especially the wide application of synthetic materials, a problem that cannot be ignored has gradually surfaced - petrochemical odor gas. These pollutants with pungent odors not only have a serious impact on the surrounding environment, but also threaten people's health. Odorous pollutant gases in petrochemical industry. During the petrochemical production process, a variety of harmful gases are released into the atmosphere, including ammonia (NH3), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), methyl mercaptan (CH4S), and methyl sulfide (C2H6S). , dimethyl disulfide (C2H6S2), carbon disulfide (CS2) and styrene (C8H8) are the main odor pollutants. Not only do they smell bad, they also carry specific health risks, such as mucosal irritation, nervous system damage, and liver damage. Occupational exposure limits and hazards of malodorous gases: 1. Ammonia NH3 is a colorless gas with a strong pungent odor; occupational exposure limits PC-TWA is 20mg/m3 and PC-STEL is 30mg/m3; critical adverse health effects Causes eye and upper respiratory tract irritation. 2. Hydrogen sulfide H2S is a colorless gas with a rotten egg-like odor; the occupational exposure limit MAC is 10mg/m3; the critical adverse health effects are neurotoxicity and strong mucosal irritation. 3. Methyl mercaptan CH4S is a colorless, irritating gas with the smell of rotten cabbage; the occupational exposure limit MAC is 1mg/m3; the critical adverse health effect is liver damage. 4. Methyl sulfide C2H6S is a colorless and transparent liquid, and its volatile vapor has an unpleasant odor; the occupational exposure limit MAC is 50mg/m3; the critical adverse health effect is eye and upper respiratory tract irritation. 5. Dimethyldisulfide C2H6S2 is a colorless to light yellow non-transparent liquid. Its volatile vapor has the same unpleasant odor as methylmercaptan. There is no occupational exposure limit. The critical adverse health effect is eye and upper respiratory tract irritation. 6. Carbon disulfide CS2
It is colorless and has an unpleasant smell of rotten radish; the occupational exposure limits are PC-TWA 5mg/m3 and PC-STEL 10mg/m3; critical adverse health effects are eye and nasal mucosa irritation and peripheral nervous system damage.
7. Styrene C8H8
is a colorless and transparent oily liquid with a high volatile vapor concentration or an unpleasant odor when mixed with other chemicals; the occupational exposure limits PC-TWA is 50mg/m3 and PC-STEL is 100mg/m3; Critical adverse health effects are eye/upper respiratory tract irritation, neurasthenia, and peripheral neurological symptoms.
The Necessity of Odor Online Monitoring Systems
In order to effectively deal with this problem, petrochemical plants and parks need to install fixed odor gas online monitoring systems. This system can monitor the concentration of the above and other harmful gases in real time and transmit the data to the environmental protection department’s cloud platform monitoring system. In this way, relevant departments and enterprises can promptly understand the pollution situation and quickly take response measures to reduce or control the emission and spread of odor.
Monitoring of multiple pollutants
In addition to the main odor pollutants mentioned above, there are also various other odor pollutants in the petrochemical industry, such as ethyl mercaptan, acetone, isovaleraldehyde, etc. Depending on the actual situation, the monitoring system can selectively detect these pollutants, or choose to measure the total concentration of volatile organic compounds to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the pollution situation.
There is no shortage of national and local-level odor monitoring guidance standards in our country, and they are all being gradually improved.
The national standards mainly include: "GB14554-93 Emission Standard of Odor Pollutants", "GB/T14675-93 Three-point Comparative Odor Bag Method for Determination of Air Quality Odor", "HJ 905-2017 Technical Specification for Environmental Monitoring of Odor Pollution", etc. . In 2018, my country revised the original 93 national standard and promulgated the "GB14554-2018 Odor Pollutant Emission Standard (Draft for Comments)". The revised national standard has stricter requirements on the limit values of various monitoring indicators and is yet to be released and implemented.
Some areas with strict regulations on odor pollution have also issued local guidance standards, mainly Tianjin, Shanghai, Ningxia, etc. Landmarks at all levels have made clearer regulations on the outline of national standards for odor, with stricter limits on monitoring indicators and more control items. Taking Shanghai landmarks as an example, the control project has been expanded to 22 gases + odor concentrations based on the national standard 8+1.
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Conclusion
The problem of odorous gases in petrochemical industry cannot be ignored. It is related to the quality of our environment and quality of life. Through the online monitoring system, we can timely and accurately grasp the pollution situation, so as to take effective measures to reduce and control odor emissions. This is not only a requirement for enterprises, but also a responsibility for our common home.